Saskatchewan ( Ã, ( listen ) ) is a grassland and boreal province in western Canada, the only province without natural boundaries. It has an area of ​​651,900 square kilometers (251,700 square meters), nearly 10 percent of which (59,366 square kilometers (22,900 sq mi)) is fresh water, consisting mostly of rivers, reservoirs, and 100,000 provincial lakes.
Saskatchewan is bordered to the west by Alberta, to the north by the Northwest Territories, to the east by Manitoba, to the northeast by Nunavut, and to the south by the US states in Montana and North Dakota. By the end of 2017, the population of Saskatchewan is estimated at 1,163,925. The inhabitants mainly live in half of the southern grasslands of the province, while the northern part of boreal is largely forest and its inhabitants are sparse. Of the total population, roughly half live in the largest city in the province of Saskatoon, or the capital of the province of Regina. Other notable cities include Prince Albert, Moose Jaw, Yorkton, Swift Current, North Battleford, Melfort, and the border town of Lloydminster (partly in Alberta).
Saskatchewan is a landlocked province with great distances to moderate waters. As a result, the climate is very continental, making it a severe winter throughout the province. The southern region has a very warm or hot summer. Midale and Yellow Grass near the US border are bound to the highest temperatures ever recorded in Canada with 45 Â ° C (113 Â ° F) observed at both locations on July 5, 1937. In winter, temperatures below -45 Â ° C (-49 Â ° F) is possible even in the south during extreme cold clashes.
Saskatchewan was inhabited for thousands of years by various indigenous groups, and was first explored by Europeans in 1690 and settled in 1774. It became a province in 1905, carved out of the vast North-West Region, which until then included most Canadian meadows. At the beginning of the 20th century, the province was known as the bastion of Canadian social democracy; The first North American social-democracy government was elected in 1944. The province's economy is based on agriculture, mining and energy. The current governor of Saskatchewan lieutenant Thomas Molloy and the current prime minister is Scott Moe.
In 1992, the federal and provincial governments signed a land claims agreement with First Nations in Saskatchewan. First countries receive compensation and are allowed to buy land on the open market for tribes; they have acquired approximately 3,079 square kilometers (761,000 hectares; 1,189 square meters), now land reserves. Some First Countries have used their settlements to invest in urban areas, including Saskatoon.
Video Saskatchewan
Etimologi
Its name comes from the Saskatchewan River. The river is known as kisisk? Ciwani-s? Piy ("strong river flow") in Cree.
Maps Saskatchewan
Geography
Since the Saskatchewan border largely follows the geographical coordinates of longitude and latitude, the province is rectangular, or a four-sided form. But the 49th parallel boundary and the 60th northern boundary appear curved on the globe and many maps. In addition, the eastern boundary of the province is partially oblique rather than following longitude, as the correction line designed by the surveyor before the homestead program (1880-1928).
Saskatchewan is part of the Western Province and is bordered on the west by Alberta, to the north by the Northwest Territories, to the northeast by Nunavut, to the east by Manitoba, and to the south by the states of Montana and North America. Dakota. Saskatchewan has the distinction of being the only province in Canada that has no boundaries that relate to physical geographic features (ie all parallel and meridians). Together with Alberta, Saskatchewan is one of only two landlocked provinces.
The majority of the Saskatchewan population lies in the southern third of the province, south of the 53rd parallel.
Saskatchewan contains two main natural areas: the Canadian Shield to the north and the Interior Plain in the south. North Saskatchewan is largely covered by boreal forests except for Lake Athabasca Sand Dunes, the world's largest active sand dunes 58  °, and adjacent to the southern shore of Lake Athabasca. South Saskatchewan has another area with sand dunes known as the "Great Sand Dunes" covering over 300 square kilometers (120 m²). Cypress Hills, located in the southwest corner of Saskatchewan and Killdeer Badlands (Grasslands National Park), is a province that is not obscured during the last glacial period, Wisconsin glaciers.
The highest point of the province, at 1,392 meters (4,567 feet), is located in Cypress Hills less than 2 km from the province border with Alberta. The lowest point is the shore of Lake Athabasca, at 213 meters (699 feet). The province has 14 main drainage channels consisting of rivers and streams that flow into the Arctic Ocean, Hudson Bay and the Gulf of Mexico.
Climate
Saskatchewan receives more hours of sunshine than any other Canadian province. The province is located away from significant water bodies. This fact, combined with the northern latitudes, gives it a warm summer, in accordance with the humid continental climate (KÃÆ'¶ppen type Dfb ) in the center and most of the eastern part of the province, as well as the Cypress Hills; drying into a semi-arid steppe climate (KÃÆ'¶ppen type BSk ) in the southwestern part of the province. Drought can affect agricultural areas for a long time with little or no rain at all. The northern part of Saskatchewan - from around La Ronge to the north - has a subarctic climate (KÃÆ'¶ppen Dfc ) with shorter summers. Summer can be very hot, sometimes above 38Ã, Â ° C (100Ã, Â ° F) during the day, and with moisture dropping from northeast to southwest. The warm southern breeze blows from the plains and inter-western regions of the USA during most of July and August, its extremely cold or hot but volatile air often occurs during spring and in September. Winter is usually very cold, with frequent Arctic air descending from the north. with high temperatures not breaking -17 ° C (1 ° F) for weeks at a time. The warm chinook wind is often blowing from the west, carrying periods of mild weather. Annual rainfall averages 30 to 45 centimeters (12 to 18 inches) across the province, with heavy rainfall in June, July, and August.
Saskatchewan is one of the most active parts in Canada, averaging 12 to 18 tornadoes per year, some of the violence. In 2012, 33 tornadoes are reported in the province. Regina Cyclone occurred in June 1912 when 28 people were killed in the Fujita F4 tornado. Severe and severe thunderstorms occur in Saskatchewan, usually from early spring until late summer. Hail, high winds and isolated tornadoes are a common occurrence.
The hottest temperatures ever recorded in Canada occur in Saskatchewan. Temperature rose to 45Ã, Â ° C (113Ã, Â ° F) at Midale and Yellow Grass. The coldest ever recorded in this province is -56.7 ° C (-70.1 ° F) at Prince Albert, located north of Saskatoon.
History
Saskatchewan has been populated by various indigenous peoples of North America, including members of Sarcee, Niitsitapi, Atsina, Cree, Saulteaux, Assiniboine (Nakoda), Lakota and Sioux. The first known European man to enter Saskatchewan was Henry Kelsey in 1690, who traveled to the Saskatchewan River in hopes of trading feathers with the natives of the area. The first permanent European settlement was the Hudson Bay Company post at Cumberland House, founded in 1774 by Samuel Hearne. In 1762 the southern part of the province was part of the Spanish Louisiana until 1802.
In 1803 Louisiana Purchases were transferred from France to the United States part of what is now Alberta and Saskatchewan. In 1818 the United States handed the area to England. Much of what is now Saskatchewan is part of Rupert's Land and is controlled by Hudson's Bay Company, which claims the rights to all watersheds flowing into the Hudson Bay, including the Saskatchewan River, Churchill, Assiniboine, Souris, and Qu'Appelle River systems.
In the late 1850s and early 1860s, a scientific expedition led by John Palliser and Henry Youle Hind explored the provincial grassland area.
In 1870, Canada acquired the territory of the Hudson Bay Company and formed the North-West Region to manage a large area between British Columbia and Manitoba. The Crown also held a series of numbered agreements with the indigenous peoples of the area, which serve as the basis of the relationship between the First Nation, as they are called today, and the Crown. Since the end of the 20th century, the loss of land and injustice as a result of the treaties has been negotiated for the settlement between the First Countries in Saskatchewan and the federal government, in collaboration with the provincial government.
In 1876, following their defeat of US Army troops at the Battle of Little Bighorn in the Montana Territory in the United States, Lakota Sitting Bull's Tribal Lead led several thousand people to Gunung Kayu. Survivors and descendants founded Wood Mountain Reserve in 1914.
The Occupied Northwest Police established several outposts and forts throughout Saskatchewan, including Fort Walsh in Cypress Hills, and Wood Mountain Post in central-central Saskatchewan near the US border.
Many Americans, who have not signed an agreement, have moved to the Southbranch District and Prince Albert district to the north of Saskatoon today following the Red River Rebellion in Manitoba in 1870. In the early 1880s, the Canadian government refused. to hear these MÃÆ'Â © complaints, derived from land use issues. Finally, in 1885, MÃÆ'Â © tis, led by Louis Riel, launched the North-West Uprising and declared a temporary administration. They were defeated by a Canadian militia who was taken to a Canadian prairie by the new Canadian Pacific Railway. Riel, who surrendered and was convicted of treason in the crowded Regina courtroom, was hanged on November 16, 1885. Since then, the government has admitted MÃÆ'Ã… © tis as Aboriginal people with the right status and gave them various benefits.
European settlement
National policies set by the federal government, Canadian Pacific Railway, Hudson's Bay Company and associated land companies encourage immigration. Land Law Officials in 1872 allowed the settlers to earn a quarter of a square mile of land for the homestead and offered an additional quarter after building a guesthouse. In 1874, the North West Police Installed Police began providing police services. In 1876, the North West Territories Act arranged for appointment, by Ottawa, a Lieutenant Governor and Council to assist him.
A highly optimistic advertising campaign promotes the benefits of grassland life. Potential immigrants read leaflets that describe Canada as the true garden of Eden, and underestimate the need for agricultural expertise. The advertisement in Nor'-Western Farmer by the Immigration Commissioner implies that the western land is blessed with cheap water, timber, gold, silver, iron, copper and coal for fuel, all of which are ready at hand. The reality is much tougher, especially for the first settlers living in the land houses. But eastern money flowed in and in 1913, long-term mortgage lending to Saskatchewan farmers had reached $ 65 million.
The dominant group consisted of British settlers from eastern Canada and England, which made up about half of the population during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. They play a major role in building the basic institutions of plain, economic and governmental society.
The role of gender is sharply defined. Men are primarily responsible for ground breaking; planting and harvesting; build a house; buy, operate and repair machines; and handling finances. Initially there were many single men in the meadow, or husbands whose wives were still back east, but they were having trouble. They realize the need for a wife. In 1901, there were 19,200 families, but this jumped to 150,300 families only 15 years later. The wife plays a central role in the settlement of the grassland area. Their power, skills and abilities to adapt to harsh environments proved decisive in the face of challenges. They prepare bannocks, beans and bacon, fix clothes, raise children, cleanse, care for the garden, help during harvest and take care of everyone to get healthy again. While the prevailing patriarchal attitudes, legislation and economic principles obscure women's contribution, the flexibility shown by women farmers in performing productive and nonproductive work is vital to the survival of family agriculture, and thus for the success of the grain economy.
Immigration peaked in 1910, and despite the initial difficulties of border life - the distance from exhausting towns, mansions, and labor - the new settlers formed the style of a prosperous European-Canadian agrarian society.
20th century
On September 1, 1905, Saskatchewan became a province, with an inaugural day held on 4 September. His political leaders at the time proclaimed his fate was to be the most powerful province in Canada. Saskatchewan embarked on an ambitious provincial development program based on Anglo-Canadian culture and production of wheat for export markets. The population doubled from 91,000 in 1901 to 492,000 to 1911, thanks to the heavy immigration of farmers from the US, Germany, and Scandinavia. Efforts were made to assimilate newcomers to Canadian culture and values ​​in Canada.
The province's long-term prosperity depends on world wheat prices, which continue to increase from the 1880s to 1920s, and then fall. Wheat output is increased by new strains, such as the "Marquis wheat" strain that matures 8 days faster and produces 7 more bushels per acre than the previous standard, "Red Fife". National wheat production increased from 8 million bushels in 1896 to 26 million in 1901, reaching 151 million in 1921.
In the 1905 provincial election, the Liberals won 16 of the 25 seats in Saskatchewan. The Saskatchewan government purchased the Bell Telephone Company in 1909, with the government having long-distance lines and abandoning local services to small firms held at the city level. Premier Walter Scott prefers government assistance for direct ownership because he thinks the company works better if people have an interest in running it; he founded the Saskatchewan Lift Suitcase Company in 1911. Despite pressure from farmer groups for direct government involvement in the grain-handling business, Scott's government chose to lend money to farmers' elevators. Saskatchewan in 1909 provided bond guarantees to railway companies for the construction of branch lines, easing the concerns of farmers who had trouble bringing their wheat into the market by train. The Saskatchewan Grain Growers Association, was the dominant political force in the province until the 1920s; he has a close relationship with the ruling Liberal party. In 1913, the Saskatchewan Stock Exchange Association was established with three goals: to oversee the law; to continue the interests of the investors in a respectful and lawful way; and recommends to parliamentary legislation to meet changing conditions and requirements.
The urban reform movement at Regina is based on support from business and professional groups. Urban planning, local government reform, and urban utility ownership are mostly supported by both groups, often through organizations such as the Council of Commerce. Church-linked altruistic organizations generally support social welfare and housing reform; these groups are generally less successful in getting their own reforms enforced.
1914-39
The province responded to the First World War in 1914 with patriotic enthusiasm and enjoyed the resulting economic boom for agriculture and cities. Emotional and intellectual support for war arises from Canadian national identity politics, rural mythology, and social gospel progresivism. The Church of England is very supportive. However, there is strong hostility towards German-Canadian farmers. New immigrants of Ukraine are foreign enemies because of their citizenship in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. A small portion was taken to the internment camp. Most of the internees are unskilled unemployed workers who are imprisoned "because they are poor, not because they are not loyal."
The price of wheat is tripled and acreage is doubled. The spirit of sacrifice in wartime promoted the social reform movement that had preceded the war and is now beginning to bear fruit. Saskatchewan gave women the right to vote in 1916 and in the end 1916 issued a referendum to ban the sale of alcohol.
In the late 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan, imported from the United States and Ontario, gained a brief popularity among the nativists in Saskatchewan and Alberta. The Klan, had an alliance with the Conservative party of the province because of their dislike for Premier James G. "Jimmy" Gardiner and his Liberals (who fiercely fight the Clans), enjoyed about two years of excellence. It declines and disappears, subject to broad political and media opposition, plus an internal scandal involving the use of organizational funds.
Recent history
In 1970, Canada's first annual West Canada Agribusiness was held in Regina. This trade show of the agricultural industry, with its strong emphasis on livestock, is rated as one of the five best farming events in North America, along with those in Houston, Denver, Louisville and Toronto.
The province celebrated its 75th anniversary of its founding in 1980, with Princess Margaret, Mrs Snowdon, leading an official ceremony. In 2005, 25 years later, his sister, Queen Elizabeth II, attended an event held to commemorate the centenary of Saskatchewan.
Since the end of the 20th century, the First Nation has become more politically active in seeking justice for past injustices, especially with regard to the taking over of adat lands by the government. The federal and provincial governments have negotiated many land claims, and developed the "Land Tenure Rights" program, which allowed the First State to purchase land to be taken into reserve with money from settlement of claims.
"In 1992, the federal and provincial governments signed a land claims agreement with Saskatchewan First Nations.At the Treaty, the First Nation received money to buy land on the open market, resulting in about 761,000 acres being turned into reserves, and many First Countries continued to invest dollar settlement in urban areas ", including Saskatoon. Money from such settlements has allowed the First State to invest in businesses and other economic infrastructure.
Demographics
According to Canada 2011 Census, the largest ethnic group in Saskatchewan is Germany (28.6%), followed by English (24.9%), Scotland (18.9%), Canada (18.8%), Ireland (15, 5%), Ukraine (13.5%)), France (Fransaskois) (12.2%), First Nations (12.1%), Norway (6.9%), and Poland (5.8%).
The largest denomination with the number of followers according to the 2001 census was the Roman Catholic Church with 286,815 (30%); United Church of Canada with 187,450 (20%); and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada with 78,520 (8%). 148,535 (15.4%) answered "no religion".
City
Ten largest municipalities by population
The list does not include Lloydminster, which has a total population of 31,410 but across the Alberta-Saskatchewan border. By 2016, 11,765 people live on the Saskatchewan side, which will make it the 8th largest city of Saskatchewan. All registered communities are considered cities by province; municipalities in provinces with a population of 5,000 or more may receive official city status.
Economy
Historically, the economy of Saskatchewan is primarily linked to agriculture. However, increased diversification has resulted in agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and hunting accounted for only 6.8% of provincial GDP. Saskatchewan cultivates a large share of Canadian grains. Wheat is the most recognizable plant and is most often associated with the province (there is sheafs of wheat depicted on the Saskatchewan state symbol), but other grains such as canola, hemp, rye, oats, peas, lentils, walnuts, and barley also produced. Saskatchewan is the largest exporter of mustard seeds in the world. The production of beef cattle by the province of Canada is only surpassed by Alberta. In the northern part of the province, forestry is also a significant industry.
Mining is a major industry in the province, with Saskatchewan being the world's largest exporter of potassium and uranium.
Oil and natural gas production is also a very important part of the economy of Saskatchewan, although the oil industry is bigger. Among Canadian provinces, only Alberta surpasses Saskatchewan in overall oil production. Heavy crude oil is extracted in the Lloydminster-Kerrobert-Kindersley area. Crude oil is found in the Kindersley-Swift Current area and the Weyburn-Estevan field. Natural gas is found almost entirely in the western part of Saskatchewan, from the Primrose Lake area through Lloydminster, Unity, Kindersley, Leader, and around the Maple Creek area.
The GDP of Saskatchewan in 2006 was approximately C $ 45,922 billion, with sectors of the economy striking in the following ways:
The top 100 list of companies includes The Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan, Federated Cooperatives Ltd. and IPSCO.
Crown companies based in Saskatchewan are Saskatchewan Government Insurance (SGI), SaskTel, SaskEnergy (major provincial natural gas suppliers), and SaskPower. Bombardier runs the NATO Flight Training Center at 15 Wing, near Moose Jaw. Bombardier was awarded a long-term contract in the late 1990s for $ 2.8 billion from the federal government for the purchase of military aircraft and running training facilities. SaskPower since 1929 has been a major supplier of electricity in Saskatchewan, serving more than 451,000 customers and managing assets worth $ 4.5 billion. SaskPower is a large company in the province with nearly 2,500 full-time full-time staff located in 71 communities.
Provincial Finance
Tabulation data covers every fiscal year (eg 2015-2016 covers April 1, 2015 - March 31, 2016). All data in $ 1,000.
1 These values ​​reflect the estimated population at the beginning of the fiscal year.
2 These values ​​reflect the debt of the General Revenue Fund at the end of the fiscal year.
3 These values ​​reflect the combined debt of three Crown Corporations at the end of the fiscal year. As of March 31, 2016, SaskPower, SaskEnergy, and SaskTel accounted for 88.4% of Crown Debt.
4 The highest income tax rate of the provincial companies decreased from 17% to 14% on July 1, 2006. This was reduced again to 13% on July 1, 2007, and eventually to 12% in July 1, 2008.The tax on paid-in capital was reduced from 0.6% to 0.3% on July 1, 2006, to 0.15% on July 1, 2007, and written off completely on July 1, 2008. The displayed values ​​were obtained by adding income tax agency for each year with corporate tax.
5 Provincial Sales Tax Rate (PST) decreased from 7% to 5% on October 28, 2006.
6 These values ​​are credit ratings from Standard & amp; Poor at the end of the Fiscal Year.
Source: Government of Saskatchewan.
Government and politics
Saskatchewan has the same form of government as any other Canadian province with a lieutenant-governor (who is a representative of Queen in Right of Saskatchewan), prime minister, and unicameral legislature.
Over the years, Saskatchewan is one of Canada's more progressive provinces, reflecting the many feelings of alienation of its citizens from the interests of large capital. In 1944, Tommy Douglas became the country's first socialist prime minister in North America. Most of the Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) represent the sacrifices of rural and small towns. Under the government of the Commonwealth Commonwealth Cooperative, Saskatchewan became the first province to have Medicare. In 1961, Douglas left the provincial politics to become the first leader of the new federal Democratic Party.
Provincial politics in Saskatchewan is dominated by the new Democratic Social Democrats and the middle-right Saskatchewan Party, with the latter holding a majority in the Saskatchewan Legislative Assembly since 2007. Many smaller political parties also run candidates in provincial elections, including Green Party, Liberal Party, and The Conservative Party is Progressive, but nothing is currently represented in the Legislative Assembly (Liberals and Conservatives generally caucus under the banner of the Saskatchewan Party in provincial affairs). After 16 years of New Democrat rule under prime minister Roy Romanow and Lorne Calvert, the 2007 provincial elections were won by the Saskatchewan Party under Brad Wall. In the 2011 election, Premier Wall and the Saskatchewan Party were restored with an increasing majority.
The recent federal election has been dominated by the Conservatives since the party represented 10 of 14 federal diversions in Saskatchewan, while the New Democratic Party represents three parties and the Canadian Liberal Party, one.
Law enforcement
- Police agent
- Prison facility
Education
The first education on grasslands took place within the First Nation family group and early feather trade settlers. There are only a few missionary or trading post schools established at Rupert's Land - later known as the North West Territories.
76 Western-Western District school districts and the first Education Council meeting was formed in 1886. This pioneering blast formed an ethnic block settlement. People seek education for their children who are similar to the school in their native land. Log Cabins, and residences are built for assembling communities, schools, churches, dances and meetings.
The prosperity of the Roaring Twenties and the success of farmers in proving their homes help provide funds to standardize education. Textbooks, ordinary schools to educate teachers, formal school curricula, and architectural plans of art school houses provide sustainability throughout the province. English as a school language helps provide economic stability, because a community can communicate with others and goods can be traded and sold in the same language. The number of single-room school district districts in Saskatchewan numbered about 5,000 at the peak of this educational system in the late 1940s.
After World War II, the transition from many smaller, smaller, consolidated smaller-school school houses to smaller and smaller towns and towns occurred as a means of ensuring technical education. School buses, highways, and family vehicles create the ease and accessibility of population movements to big cities and big cities. Combining and tractor means farmers can manage more than a quarter of the land, so there is a shift from family farming and subsistence crops to commercial crops grown in many parts of the land.
School vouchers have been proposed as a means to enable competition between rural schools and make the operation of cooperative schools practical in rural areas.
Health Care
The Health Ministry of Saskatchewan is responsible for policy direction, establishing and monitoring standards, and providing funding for regional health authorities and provincial health services.
Saskatchewan's medical system is widely and inaccurately characterized as a "socialized medicine": medical practitioners in Saskatchewan, as in other Canadian provinces, are not civil servants but send their reports to the publicly funded Saskatchewan Health Insurance Plan for Health Insurance (eg single payer).
The medical health system of Saskatchewan has faced criticism due to lack of access to midwifery programs. According to Leanne Smith, director of maternal services in Saskatoon Health Region states that half of women submitting to midwifery programs are rejected. Ministry of Health data shows midwives see 1,233 clients in fiscal year 2012-13 (which runs April to March). But in the fourth quarter, 359 women were still on the waiting list for immediate or future treatment. The provincial health ministry received 47 letters on obstetrics services in 2012, most of which require more midwives. As a continuing problem in the Saskatchewan health care system, more pressure has been placed to recruit more midwives to the province.
Transportation
Transportation in Saskatchewan includes road infrastructure, highways, highways, airports, ferries, pipelines, walkways, waterways and rail systems serving a population of about 1,003,299 (according to 2007 estimates) throughout the year. It is funded primarily with local and federal government funds. The Saskatchewan Highway and Transport Department estimates that 80% of traffic is carried out on a highway system of 5,031 kilometers.
The Ministry of Highways and Infrastructure operates over 26,000 kilometers (16,000 mi) of highways and divided roads. There is also a city road consisting of various surfaces. The pavement sidewalk consists of nearly 9,000 kilometers (5,600 mi), pavement granules of nearly 5,000 kilometers (3,100 mi), the surface of a non structural or thin TMS membrane approaching 7,000 kilometers (4,300 miles) and eventually gravel roads reach over 5,600 kilometers (3,500 million) through the province. In the northern sector, icy roads that can only be sailed in winter consist of mileage of about 150 kilometers (93 mi) longer.
Saskatchewan has over 250,000 km (150,000 mi) of roads and highways, the highest number of road surfaces in any Canadian province. The main highways in Saskatchewan are the Trans Canada toll road, Yellowhead Highway route north of Trans Canada, Louis Riel Line, CanAm Toll Road, Red Cross Pass, North Line of Forests and Water, and Saskota travel route.
The first Canadian transcontinental railway was built by the Canadian Pacific Railway between 1881 and 1885. After the east-west transcontinental railway was built, a north-south connecting lane was established. The 1920s saw the biggest rise on the tracks when CPR and CNR fell into competition to provide rail services within ten kilometers. In the 1960s there was an application to leave branch lines. Currently only two passenger train services in the province are the Canadian and Churchill railways, operated by Via Rail. Canadian is a transcontinental service linking Toronto with Vancouver.
The main waterway of Saskatchewan is the North Saskatchewan River or South Saskatchewan River routes. In total, there are 3,050 bridges run by the Highway Department in Saskatchewan. There are currently twelve ferry services operating in the province, all under the jurisdiction of the Highway Department.
The Saskatoon Airport (YXE) was originally established as part of the Canadian Air Force training program during World War II. It was renamed to John G. Diefenbaker Airport in an official ceremony, June 23, 1993. Roland J. Groome Airfield is the official designation for Regina International Airport (YQR) as of August 3 2005; The airport was established in 1930. Under the British Commonwealth Training Plan (BCATP), twenty Fly Service Training Schools (RAFs) were established in various Saskatchewan locations in World War II. 15 Wing Moose Jaw is home to the Canadian Forces aerobatic formation team, the Snowbirds .
Maskapai yang menawarkan layanan ke Saskatchewan adalah Air Canada, WestJet Airlines, United Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Transwest Air, Sunwing Airlines, Norcanair Airlines, La Ronge Aviation Services Ltd, La Loche Airways, Osprey Wings Ltd, Buffalo Narrows Airways Ltd, ÃÆ'Žle-ÃÆ' -la-Crosse Airways Ltd, Voyage Air, Pronto Airways, Venture Air Ltd, Pelican Narrows Air Service, Jackson Air Services Ltd, dan Northern Dene Airways Ltd.
The Canadian government has agreed to donate $ 20 million for two new exchanges in Saskatoon. One of them is at Sk Hwy 219/Lorne Ave intersection with Circle Drive, the other is at Senator Sid Buckwold Bridge (Idylwyld Freeway) and Circle Drive. It is part of the Asia-Pacific Gateway and Corridor Initiative to improve access to the Canadian National Railway intermodal transport terminal thereby increasing Asia-Pacific trade. In addition, the Government of Canada will donate $ 27 million to Regina to build the Canadian Pacific Railway CPR interprobe facility and upgrade infrastructure transport to facilities from both the national highway network Sk Skw 1, TransCanada Highway and Sk Hwy 11, Louis Riel Trail. It is also part of the Asia-Pacific Gateway and Corridor Initiative to improve access to CPR terminals and enhance Asia-Pacific trade.
Art and culture
- Museums and galleries
- MacKenzie Art Gallery
- Modern Remains
- RCMP Heritage Center
- Western Development Museum of Saskatchewan
- Orchestras
- Regina Symphony Orchestra
- Saskatoon Symphony Orchestra
- Artist-run center
- PAVED Arts
- Artist
- Joe Fafard, sculptor
Sports
The Saskatchewan Roughriders Canadian football team is a professional football franchise of this province, and is very popular in Saskatchewan. Team enthusiasts were also found gathering on game days across Canada, and collectively known as "Rider Nation".
Another major provincial sport franchise is the Saskatchewan Rush of the National Lacrosse League. In their first year of competition, 2016, Rush won Division titles and League Championships.
Hockey is the most popular sport in the province. More than 490 NHL players have been born in Saskatchewan, the highest per capita output of any Canadian province, US state, or European country. The important NHL figures born in Saskatchewan include Keith Allen, Gordie Howe, Bryan Trottier, Bernie Federko, Gillies Clark, Fern Flaman, Bert Olmstead, Harry Watson, Elmer Lach, Max Bentley, Sid Abel, Doug Bentley, Eddie Shore, Clint Smith, Bryan Hextall, Johnny Bower, Francis Emile, Glenn Hall, Chuck Rayner, Brad McCrimmon, Patrick Marleau, Dave Manson, Theo Fleury, Terry Harper, Wade Redden, Brian Propp, Scott Hartnell, Ryan Getzlaf and Chris Kunitz. Saskatchewan does not have an NHL or small professional franchise, but five teams in the West Hockey League junior are in the province: Moose Jaw Warriors, Prince Albert Raiders, Regina Pats, Saskatoon Blades and Swift Current Broncos.
In 2015, Budweiser honors Saskatchewan because of the large number of hockey players by carving a 12-foot hockey monument on ice for the Saskatchewan capital of Regina. The company then filmed this frozen monument for national television commercials, thanked the province for creating so many scorers throughout the history of hockey. Budweiser also awarded a province of "hockey players" trophies made of white birch - the tree of Saskatchewan province - which bears the name of every pro player in history. Sitting on the top of the trophy is the Golden Light Brown Budweiser, synchronized with every Saskatchewan player in the pros. This trophy is currently viewable at the Victoria Bar in Regina.
Provincial symbol
The Saskatchewan flag was officially adopted on September 22, 1969. The flag featured a provincial shield on the top quarter nearest to staff, with the flower emblem, Prairie Lily, in flies. The top green (in the green forest) half of the flag represents northern Saskatchewan forest land, while the bottom of the flag gold symbolizes the fields of the southern grains and grasslands. Provincial competitions are held to design flags, and attract more than 4,000 entries. The winning design was by Anthony Drake, then lived in Hodgeville.
In 2005, the Saskatchewan Environment held a vote throughout the province to recognize the 15th year of Saskatchewan, receiving more than 10,000 online voices and ballots from the public. Walleye is a marvelous favorite of six native fish species nominated for appointment, receiving more than half the votes cast. Other species in the run are sturgeon lakes, lake trout, milkfish, milkfish, north spear and yellow perch.
Other symbols of Saskatchewan include tartan, number plates, and provincial flowers. Saskatchewan's official Tartan was registered at Lord Lyon King of Arms Court in Scotland in 1961. It has seven colors: gold, brown, green, red, yellow, white and black. The provincial number plate shows the slogan "Land of Living Skies". The flower of Saskatchewan province is Red Lily West.
Centennial Celebration
In 2005, Saskatchewan celebrated its 100th anniversary. In his honor, the Royal Canadian Mint issued a five-dollar warning note depicting Canadian wheat fields as well as a 25-cent coin circulation with similar designs. Queen Elizabeth II and Duke of Edinburgh visited Regina, Saskatoon, and Lumsden, and Joni Mitchell who grew up in Saskatchewan issued an album in honor of Saskatchewan.
Climate
The effects of climate change in Saskatchewan are now being observed in some parts of the province. There is evidence of biomass reduction in the Saskatchewan bland forests (like other forests in Canadian prairie province) connected by researchers with drought-related water stress, which comes from global warming, most likely caused by greenhouse gas emissions. While the study, as early as 1988 (Williams, et al., 1988) has shown climate change will affect agriculture, whether the effects can be mitigated through cultivar adaptations, or crops, is less clear. Ecosystem resilience can decrease with large temperature changes. The provincial government has responded to the threat of climate change by introducing plans to reduce carbon emissions, "The Saskatchewan Energy and Climate Change Plan," in June 2007.
See also
List:
References
Further reading
- Grams, Grant W: Der Volksverein deutsch-canadischer Katholiken, the rise and fall of the German-Catholic Culture and Immigration Society, 1909-1952, at Nelson H. Minnich (ed.) The Catholic Historical Review, 2013.
- Grams, Grant W: Deportation from Saskatchewan during the Great Depression, H.P. Janzen , in John D. Thiesen (ed.), Mennonite Life, 2010.
- Grams, Grant W: Deportation of German Citizens from Canada, 1919 to 1939 , in Peter S. Li (ed.), International Journal of Migration and Integration, 2010.
- Grams, Grant W.: Immigration and Refund of German Citizens, Saskatchewan 1919 to 1939 , in Patrick Douand (ed.), Prairie Forum, 2008.
- Grams, Grant W: Is Eckhardt Kastendieck one of the most active Nazis in Saskatchewan? , in Jason Zorbas (ed.), History of Saskatchewan, 2007.
External links
- The Saskatchewan Encyclopedia
- Saskatchewan on Curlie (based on DMOZ)
- Royal Canadian Mounted Police
- SaskTourism
- Saskatchewan Online History
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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