Roller coaster elements are individual parts of the design and operation of roller coasters, such as tracks, hills, circles, or turns. The variations of normal track movement that add to the sensation or joy on the journey are often called "sensation elements" or "sensation factors".
Video Roller coaster elements
Basic elements
Brake run
The brakes that run on the roller coaster are every part of the track that is meant to slow or stop the roller coaster train. The brake lane can be placed anywhere or hidden along the coaster circuit and may be designed to bring the train to a total stop or just adjust the train speed. Most roller coasters do not have a braking form on the train but a braking form that is in the track section. One major exception is the beautiful rail roller coaster, which relies on the operator to control the speed of the train manually.
In most roller coasters, the brakes are controlled by computer systems, but some older wooden roller coasters have manually operated brakes. It is controlled by a large lever operated by the transport operator.
Buzz bar
The one-position slab on a wooden roller coaster is sometimes referred to as a "buzz bar," a slang term called for a buzzing sound made with multiple bars when it is locked or released. The term may be misleading because the buzzing sound only occurs in the Philadelphia Toboggan Company (PTC) train when the solenoid that releases the bar is not aligned. There are other types of trains, such as NAD and even some PTC trains, which feature single-position lap bars that have mechanical discharges and therefore do not produce buzzing sounds. Most of the parks have switched to individual ratcheting bars, similar to the lap bars found in coasters. Ironically some faster lap bar conversions use solenoid releases and can also produce buzzing sounds. It can be said that single position buzz blades provide more air time on the roller coaster, as ratcheting lap bars tend to lock further during the trip across multiple installations.
The traditional "pirate ship" thrill ride style often uses this type of control, as does the Troika.
Driving tire
Conveyor tires, or tire squeezes depend on their use, are essentially motorized tires used to drive roller coaster trains along the track. Although they are most commonly used in station and brake areas, they can also be used to launch trains with greater speed. However, they are generally used to drive the train at speeds between 5-8 mph. The Incredible Hulk Coaster at Universal's Islands of Adventure is famous for using tire movers to launch trains to climbs. Some of the roller coasters, most notably are Vekoma Roller Skaters (Vekoma version of a junior coaster) and Zierer Tivoli/Force (also junior coaster) also use tire drives rather than chains on the foothills. Conveyor tires are also used to drive other types of amusement rides, such as pole wheels, Pirate Ship, and other spinning rides. The Olympia Looping traveling roller coasters in Barth, Alpina Bahn and Mindbender at Galaxyland at West Edmonton Mall also feature non-chain drive tires on their foothills.
Conveyor tires are often used in one of two ways in a roller coaster. When horizontally oriented, the drive tire is often mounted in pairs that can "squeeze" part of the train as it crosses the track. In this case, usually the brake fin is used to push or slow the train with the tire. When oriented vertically, they call the bottom of the train while crossing a certain section of the track. The area below is a flat area that often has a grated metal surface to increase friction between the car and the tire. One disadvantage of vertical tire drivers is that rainy weather can greatly reduce friction between tires and trains, possibly causing the train slightly beyond its intended position and causing an emergency stop.
Headchopper
The helicopter head is a point on the roller coaster where the supporting structure of the journey or the track itself comes very close to the passenger's head, or at least seems to do it. All head helicopters must be designed so that even the highest rider, with both hands up, will not be able to touch the structure; although if a rider exceeds the maximum height of whether rises to the coaster, it could be potentially dangerous. Head choppers are most common on wooden roller coasters but are also found on many steel roller coasters.
The reversed equivalent roller is by a foot helicopter. The foot helicopter is designed in such a way that the rider's legs are approaching the support structure, water, or other driving environment. For example, the Dragon Challenge in the Islands of Adventure has many helicopters, where the rider's legs are within feet of the pedestal. Vekoma's Suspended Looping Coasters also feature an intense leg chopper during the in-line-twist, where the train approaches the track section directly below, so it appears that the rider's leg will affect the track if the train stays on that track; but trains experience an in-line-twist just before the obstruction, twisting the riders into their backs as the track above traverses safely above the track below.
On Wing Coasters designed by Bolliger & amp; Mabillard, the keyhole element is common. These elements feature both chopper and foot chopper effects. The rider's seat rider is paired on both sides of the track and passes through the center of the object, giving the illusion that the train and its passengers have enough permission to fit.
Launch track
The launch track is part of a roller coaster that launches in which the train is accelerated to full speed in seconds. The launch track is always straight and usually turns slightly upward, so the train will roll back to the station in case of power loss.
The launch track serves the same basic purpose as the foothills - providing energy for the train - but completing it in a completely different way. An uphill hill gives the train potential energy by raising it to the highest point on the track (and not significantly speeding it up). The launch track delivers kinetic energy of the train by speeding it to its designed maximum speed (while not significantly increasing the height of the track).
The launch track usually includes some form of brakes. Depending on the type of coaster, this brake can be used in every run of the coaster (this is usually found on a roller coaster shuttle where the launch line also serves as the main brake) or they may only come into play when rollback occurs, usually on complete circuits such as Stealth, Top Thrill Dragster, Kingda Ka, Rock 'n' Roller Coaster Starring Aerosmith and Xcelerator. In both cases, the brakes are recycled to allow the carriage to be launched and involved at other times.
Lift up the hill
The lift hoop, or the chain lift, is often the first part of the trajectory over a regular roller coaster that initially transports a roller coaster train to an elevated point. After reaching the peak, the train then separated from the hill lift and allowed to penetrate the rest of the roller coaster circuit.
Lifting the hills usually pushes the train to the top of the rides through one of several different types of methods: a chain of rapture involving long and continuous chains that train the hooks to and carried upward; a tire system in which some motorized tires push the train up; or cable lift system as seen in Millennium Force; or a linear synchronous motor system as seen on Maverick.
Launch the lift hills like the launch track, but instead of making it flat, it's more like on a slope. Sometimes, the launch of the foothills serves the same purpose as the foothills but faster transport to the top of the foothills; or they are sometimes used to turn trains into elements, such as the Incredible Hulk Coaster at Universal Orlando. The hill lift uses most linear sync motors or linear induction motors but sometimes uses tire drives.
Linear induction motors
The linear induction motor is a simple but powerful electric motor type used to drive the car. Instead of using a standard closed rotary rotor and wheel drive, there is a long, flat magnetic pole plate with a proximity electric coil. This pole plate is perched on the track under the car and the metal plate attached to the car moves across the polar surface of the magnet. By applying a multi-sided alternating current to the poles, the polar plate induces the eddy current into the moving plate and can be used to accelerate or brake the car.
Compared to other driving mechanisms, linear motors are usually maintenance-free. The poles facing the track and the moving plates attached to the car do not need to be touched, and the gap between them can be wide enough to accommodate the car movement from side to side, so there is no friction or wear between them. Furthermore, the magnetic coil assembly on the pole drive plate is pot or sealed in a weathertight cage, so rain, vibration, and dust does not affect motor performance or cause slip of the driving force.
Camera on-ride
The on-ride camera is a camera mounted next to a roller coaster trajectory that automatically captures all riders on the passing train. They are usually installed in the most intense part of the journey, to capture the best images. Images are available for viewing and purchased in a cubicle outside the vehicle exit. On some rides, such as Saw: The Ride at Thorpe Park and Hollywood Rip Ride Rockit at Universal Studios Florida, videos, as well as photographs, can be purchased upon exit.
Station
The station is the area where the line for the spacecraft is divided into the path to ride the roller coaster.
This station is also an area for riders to get out. Often, on high-impact glass mats, guests will be able to place personal items in a secure location at the station to ensure the goods will not be damaged or destroyed on the roller coaster. After the trip, guests claim the goods.
Train
The roller coaster train describes a vehicle carrying passengers around a roller coaster circuit. More specifically, roller coaster trains consist of two or more "cars" connected by some special connection types. These are called "trains" because cars follow each other around the tracks as train trains. Each car often varies in design and can carry one to eight or more passengers each.
Some roller coasters, especially Wild Mouse roller coasters operate with individual cars, not trains.
Hill tester
Hill tester, or hoax hill, is any small hill that follows the hill or brake lane that precedes the main fall. After the train lifts the elevator and starts down the hill in the standard configuration, the gravitational force pulls the train still connected to the elevator. When a tester hill is used, the tension and pressure on the lift mechanism decreases before the train release. Some Bolliger & amp; Mabillard's roller coaster features these elements, as well as some older roller coasters from other manufacturers.
The alternative name "trick hill" comes from the illusion created from the tester hill, which "deceives" the riders into thinking that they have started the main derivative, when in fact they have not.
Maps Roller coaster elements
Basic sensation element
Vertical circle
The generic roller coaster vertical circle is the most basic of the inverse roller coaster. Specifically, the loop refers to the part of the track that goes up to the top which eventually produces a complete 360-degree circle. At the very top of the loop, the rider is completely upside down. Normally, this loop is actually not a "circle" but more of a teardrop shape, with the top of the circle being a tighter arc. This shape makes the circle more comfortable for the rider than the actual circle shape.
Left Circle
A oblique circle , also known as the oblique loop, is a 360 Â ° circle that has been tilted at an angle. It is not inserted vertically, like a vertical circle, or horizontally like a helix. Instead, it is usually inserted at an angle between 45 ° and 80 °. Looping can be found on B & amp; M stand-up roller coaster, B & amp; M Wing Coaster, B & amp; M Floorless Coasters. Examples include: Rougarou at Cedar Point; Green Lantern at Six Flags Great Adventure; Riddler's Revenge at Six Flags Magic Mountain; and The Swarm at Thorpe Park.
Corkscrew
A bottle opener resembles a helix, which rotates the rider 360 Â ° perpendicular to the track. It was named for its resemblance to the bottle opener used to remove the cork from the bottle. Unlike the vertical loop, the rider remains forward for the duration of the bottle opening element.
Corkscrews are usually found at the end of a roller coaster layout and are often in pairs, where one end leads directly to the next. It's also common to see a locked cork, where the entrance and exit are parallel, but the two corkscrews cross over their respective paths.
Corkscrew is the first modern inversion element to be featured on a roller coaster. It debuted with the release of Corkscrew, a roller coaster designed by Arrow Dynamics that opened in 1975 at Knott's Berry Farm. Because of its success, the element became the staple of much steel, reversing the roller coaster for more than a decade. Variations of elements created by Bolliger & amp; Mabillard, called the company as a "flat lap". Flats rotate riders snap rapidly through inversions at varying speeds, whereas typical opening element bottles rotate riders at a constant, slower speed.
Inline play
Inline twist is a roller coaster inversion in which the rider performs a 360 degree roll. Inline touches are often found on flying mats and wings, such as Water in Alton Towers, Batwing at Six Flags America, Superman: Ultimate Flight at Six Flags Over Georgia, Firehawk on Kings Island, Manta at SeaWorld Orlando, Raptor at Gardaland and The Swarm at Thorpe Park. This can be confusing with heart scrolls, also known as roll barrels. In the heart line, the center of the train rotates on one axis so that the average rider's heart height never changes, while during rotation, the train rotates around the track and usually there is little or no altitude difference on the track.
Heartline Scroll
The heart line scroll , also known as per roll , is a roller coaster inversion in which the rider performs a 360 degree roll. The center of the train rotates on one axis. The path changes at altitude to keep the train moving in the same lane where it enters the element. In an inline twist, similar elements, the track remains straight at the same height. The rotation point is above or below the driver's point of view, unlike the heart line roll that keeps the rotation point near the center. An example of this element is the Colossus in Thorpe Park, featuring five heart-line scrolls or The Smiler which has its first inversion as a heart line roll.
Immelmann Circle
An Immelmann is a popular inversion found on many B & amp roller coasters In Immelmann, the rider enters a semicircle followed by a half-turn, and then out of the element moving in the opposite direction makes a 180-degree spin. This inversion is similar to a sidewinder that comes out closer to 90 °, or is perpendicular to the point of entry. The Immelmann Circle becomes a circle of dives if the entrance and exit points are reversed. The name "Immelmann" comes from the turn of Immelmann, a plane maneuver named after the pilot of the German World War I fighter Max Immelmann. Immelmanns is the first popular element in B & amp; M Dive Coasters. A noteworthy example is Valravn, at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio. Immelmann in Valravn is the highest inversion in Dive Coaster, in January 2018.
Sidewinder
A sidewinder is an inversion element in which the rider enters a semicircle followed by a half-twist, and then exits the element perpendicular to the direction in which they enter. This element is usually found in the Arrow and Vekoma roller coasters. It is similar to the Immelmann loop, with the exception that the rider comes out in different directions usually 90 degrees from the entry point.
More complex sensational elements
Batwing
A batwing is a heart-shaped roller coaster element featuring two inversions. The train goes into the sidewinder upside down, followed by the sidewinder. This is the opposite of cobra rolls.
Like other inversions, these elements have different names depending on the roller coaster manufacturer. It is best known as batwing, which is a term used by Bolliger & amp; Mabillard (B & amp; M). Afterburn in Carowinds and Montu at Busch Gardens Tampa Bay are two examples of this element. On the Arrow Dynamite cupboard, like the Great American Scream Machine at Six Flags Great Adventure, this element is known as a boomerang.
Bowtie
bowtie is an element similar to batwing, except the entrance and exit of the inversion are in the same direction. Dragon Mountain in Marineland is the only coaster featuring this element.
Butterfly
A butterfly is sometimes found on the Vekoma roller coaster. A butterfly begins like a vertical circle, but as the trajectory rises, it bends 45 degrees to one side or the other, and then when it leads to the twisted track again. This maneuver is then repeated but vice versa. It is basically the same in construction as a batwing or boomerang except for the coaster coming out of the construction running in the same direction as it started. This example is found in Goudurix at the Parc AstÃÆ'Â © rix in Plailly, France, or Blue Hawk at Six Flags Over Georgia.
Camelback
A camelback (sometimes spelled back camel or rear camel) is a hump-shaped hump that runs in a straight line designed to lift the rider from their seat and gives a feeling of weightlessness, commonly known as airtime. This produces a negative g-force to achieve its effect. This term has been used to refer to a series of smaller hills normally found near the end of the track, the general ending on older wooden planks. In many modern saucers, a camelback can refer to a much larger single hill found early in the journey.
Cobra roll
The cobra roll is a roller coaster inversion that resembles a cobra's head. The rider crosses forward through the upward vertical loop, the stoppers perpendicular to the first, enter another bottle opener that fuses into a half vertical circle down that comes out in a parallel direction but opposite from the entrance. It takes the rider upside down twice.
There is a lot of confusion related to the correct naming of this inversion. This is because different roller coaster manufacturers give their own name for inversion. Cobra roll is the standard name used by Intamin and B & amp; M for this type of inversion.
The first coaster model that uses the cobra roll is the Boomerang Vekoma model. The first, called Sea Serpent, was installed at Morey's Piers in Wildwood, New Jersey in 1984. All Vekoma Boomerangs, Tornado at SÃÆ'¤rkÃÆ'¤nniemi in Tampere, Huracan in Belantis in Leipzig, and almost all B & 7-inversion coaster has cobra coils.
Cutback
Reduction is a roller coaster inversion similar to a bottle opener; However, two half corkscrews are in the opposite direction causing the train to come out of inversion in the same direction from which it enters. Arrow Dynamics debuted a feature at Drachen Fire at Busch Gardens Williamsburg in 1992. Only a handful of roller coasters with austerity elements remain in operation such as Twisted Timbers at Kings Dominion, Sky Rocket at Kennywood Park, Untamed at Canobie Lake Park, RailBlazer in California Great America and Star Wars Hyperspace Mountain: Rebel Mission at Disneyland Park at Disneyland Paris.
Decrease browsing
A dive break (also known as Wing Over Drop) is a roller coaster inversion in which a half-inline touch is performed at the top of the lift hill, leading to an early decline. Dive drop is currently only found in four B & amp; M wing coaster; The Swarm at Thorpe Park, X-Flight at Six Flags Great America, GateKeeper at Cedar Point, and Flug der DÃÆ'¤monen at Heide Park.
Drop node
diving loop , also known as diving loop, is a roller coaster inverting type B & amp; M and Gerstlauer whose inspiration was taken from the stunt action maneuver. The track spins up and sideways and then dives to the ground in a half vertical circle. This element is common in many B & amp; Arrow and Vekoma use a similar version of an element known as a reverse sidewinder, as seen in Arrow's Cyclone at Dreamworld in Australia and Vekoma's Ninja at Six Flags over Georgia.
Double dip and duplicate
A double dip (a.k.a. double-drop, and double down) is created when a hill is divided into two separate drops with a flat drop from the middle of the path downhill. The leading coasters featuring these elements include 1921 classic John Miller Jack Rabbit at Kennywood Park in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA and the Grand National at Blackpool Pleasure Beach in England. The opposite of this element is known as double up, where two inclines are separated by the passage. The popular modern variation of this element is the famous quad-down final on Lightning Rod in Dollywood, in Pigeon Forge Tennessee. This element is similar to a classic double down, except that the drop/leveling of the track is repeated four times instead of two.
Playing a hammer
Hammerhead is based on a flying maneuver of the same name and is similar to, but not the same as, 180 degree overbanked turn. The train enters an element with a steep upward slope and slightly curved in the opposite direction of the whole cycle (so-called "priming" of the turn). The train then pushed many sides to the opposite side of the initial bend and completed the ascent while the negotiations negotiated the whole round, starting to fall in the middle of the turn. The second part of the element is the same as the first half, but in reverse order. When negotiating a hammer round element, the train makes turns of more than 180 degrees; However, because of the incoming and outgoing curves, the overall effect is that of the 180 degrees that go out to the direction from which it enters, is approximately parallel to the passage before the hammerhead. Hammerhead was found in some hypercoaster B & amp; Examples of this coaster are Nitro at Six Flags Great Adventure, Behemoth in Canada's Wonderland, Diamondback on Kings Island and Mako at SeaWorld Orlando.
High speed section
The high speed section, or speed hill, is an element that appears in Bolliger & amp; Mabillard steel roller coaster and Rocky Mountain Construction wooden roller coaster. It is best described as a mini camelback that is inserted at high speed resulting in a higher negative G-forces than normal camelback. Appearance of these elements include Shambhala in PortAventura Park, Leviathan at Canada's Wonderland and Outlaw Run in Silver Dollar City.
Horseshoe
A horseshoe is a type of rotation maneuver found on Maurer Rides GmbH's Spinning Coaster model. Horseshoe is basically a 180 degree rotation with high banking so that the rider is angled at an angle of 90 degrees or more at the top of the element. Horseshoe is so named because its element is shaped like a horseshoe, with a semicircle at the top. It is found on coasters such as Dragon's Fury at Chessington World of Adventures and Laff Trakk at Hersheypark.
Loop skip tends to
Tilted browsing is basically a tilted dive ring. Instead of going out vertically, the loop dive tilted out at an angle. Only two examples are in Hydra the Revenge at Dorney Park & ​​â € <â € < Wildwater Kingdom and GateKeeper at Cedar Point.
Locking grip
Bottle opening is a roller coaster inversion type found in a B & amp; In this inversion, two separate bottle openers rotate each other; one turns the rider upside down over the other. Although close to each other, the two bottle openers do not have to be taken in sequence.
Example coaster with corkscrews interlocking:
- Nemesis Inferno at Thorpe Park is the only upside-down coaster to showcase the locked cork in the same lane (a set of reversed duel décor, the Dragon Challenge at Universal Studios' Islands of Adventure, is another example. bottle on "Chinese Fireball" track linked with corkscrew on "Hungarian Horntail").
- Dominator in Kings Dominion
- Kumba at Busch Gardens Tampa Bay
- Bizarro at Six Flags Great Adventure
- Batman - The Dark Knight at Six Flags New England
- Scream! at Six Flags Magic Mountain
- Dragon Khan at PortAventura Park
Interlocking loop
Interlocking loop is an element consisting of two vertical rounds. This element has been used only on two complete roller coaster circuits. The first is the Loch Ness Monster at Busch Gardens Williamsburg, and the second is the Orient Express in Worlds of Fun. A pair of shuttle coaches, Lightnin 'Loops at Six Flags Great Adventure, also have a loop that locks each other up. With Orient Express and Lightnin 'Loops closing, Loch Ness Monster is the only coaster in the world that has this element. These three mats are built by Arrow Dynamics.
Non-inverting loop
The non-inverting loop is the various loops that, when it appears, twisted similar to the heart line rolls, leaving the rider completely right-side when at the top of the loop. Some roller coasters with these elements include Hollywood Rip Ride Rockit at Universal Studios Florida, Shock at Rainbow MagicLand, Superman: Ultimate Flight at Six Flags Discovery Kingdom, Flying Aces at Ferrari World, Soar with Dragon at Hefei Water Theme Park, DC rival Hypercoaster at Warner Bros. Movie World and Tempesto at Busch Gardens Williamsburg.
Norwegian Circle
Norwegian Circle is an element created from two elements: a diving loop, then Immelmann; form an inversion that looks like two loops side by side. This element is similar to the loop of the pretzel flying coaster, except that the train goes through a twist when entering and exiting the loop. It can also be seen as a normal circle coming in from above. It was first introduced at Speed ​​Monster in TusenFryd, Norway (hence why it was called "Norwegian" Loop). Another example of the Norwegian Loop can be found on the Fahrenheit and Helix roller coasters at Liseberg Hersheypark.
Overbanked Turn
An overbanked turn is a common element in large steel roller coasters, especially those built by Intamin. This element is a curve or curve in which the track tilt exceeds 90 degrees, typically in the 100-120 degree range. Two examples of overbanked turns in the United States were the first turn-around in Superman the Ride at Six Flags New England, and Millennium Force at Cedar Point in Sandusky, Ohio, featuring four separate overbanked laps and two in a row.
The Diving of Stengel combines an overbanked turn with camel hill. The first train climbed to the usual camelback hill, then quickly tilted past 90 degrees at the very top. This is the only roller coaster element named after its designer, in this case Werner Stengel. Examples of roller coasters featuring these elements include Goliath in Walibi Holland and Thunderbolt at Luna Park.
Pretzel node
A pretzel knot is an element similar to batwing, except the entrance and exit of the inversion are formed differently. At the pretzel node, the entrance and exit of the inversion are formed to look like Pretzel, while Batwing is more than a heart-shaped inversion. The previously-defunct Moonsault Scramble at Fuji-Q Highland in Fujiyoshida, Japan is the first coaster to feature this element. Moonsault Scramble was removed in 2000 because the coaster used 6.2 G on the rider. More recently, by 2014, pretzel knots have been used in Banshee on Kings Island. The bottom of the element is where the journey reaches its top speed. Currently the only coaster in operation to display this element.
Pretzel circle
The pretzel loop is a large inversion found on the flying coasters of Bolliger & amp; Mabillard like Crystal Wing in Happy Valley and Tatsu at Six Flags Magic Mountain. It consists of a half circle down and a half circle up. The entry and exit points of the loop overlap at the apex to form a pretzel-like shape.
Raven's Turn
A raven turn is a half-inversion that looks like a semicircle followed by a drop and then a level near the same height as it started. Pints ​​can only be used either in the current 4D roller coaster or roller coaster and are only used on three 4D coasters.
The raven youth in general refers to any inversion that follows the design described above; However, there are two types of raven turns. Assuming the train will round the first half-loop, the crow's turn inside is where the track is under the train at the beginning while the outer turn is the point where the rail is above the train at the beginning of the element. XÃ,² at Six Flags Magic Mountain, Eejanaika in Fuji-Q Highland, and Dinoconda in China Dinosaurs Park are examples of raven turns.
Scroll
This element, known as rolling on a roller coaster built by Vekoma, is an inversion featuring two half-sections of the loop, connected by two inline rounds half-facing forward. This inversion can be found on most Vekoma SLC.
Sea snake scroll
The sea snake roll is a roller coaster inversion featuring two vertical loop sections connected by two opposite corkscrews. This element is similar to cobra coils, except the train exits from the track elements facing in the same direction as when they entered; train at the cobra roll exit in the opposite direction. This element is found in Vekoma NGOs launching Rock 'n' Rollercoaster or Xpress Platform coasters: 13 and at Medusa at Six Flags Discovery Kingdom.
Top hat
The top hat , also known as a top cap, is an element normally found in the coaster that was launched. This element consists of climbing 90 degrees up the hill, followed by 90 degrees of descent; the train went out in the same direction from where he entered. In the standard configuration, the trajectory rotates so the train is not reversed during the trip. Top Thrill Dragster at Cedar Point and Kingda Ka on Six Flags Great Adventure are two roller coasters featuring top hat elements.
In the upper cap inversion, also called the inner cap, the track makes a 90 degree spin as the train approaches the peak. The train is inside the element, and once it reaches the top, the train is overturned. Mr. Freeze Reverse Blast at Six Flags St. Louis is one example that displays this variant.
Curved horse pavement
The curved horseshoe reel is an element that begins with a corkscrew that leads to a 180 degree turn round and ends with another corkscrew that spins in the opposite direction as the first. Two roller coasters featuring these elements are Mavericks at Cedar Point (United States) and Blue Fire at Europa-Park (Germany). Zero gravity scroll
The zero gravity scroll or zero-g roll is a roller coaster inversion in which the trajectory rotates 360 degrees as it rises and falls at a height, usually at the top of a hill. The element gets its name from the weightless effect of zero g-force experienced by the rider during inversion.
Visual elements
Splashdown
A splashdown is a visual element in which the vehicle rises physically interacting with water bodies, powerful spraying or drainage of water on impact. Splashdown can be used as a natural braking system, and some feature paths for non-riding visitors can see and get wet, in some cases, from a fluorescent element. There are two types of iterations:
- Natural splashdown is an element in which vehicle tracks are partially submerged under water. It is featured on several roller coasters such as Matterhorn Bobsleds at Disneyland Park in California.
- Scoop splashdown is an element in which each carriage is equipped with two tubes called scoopsÃ, on the back side of each carriage. The spoon tilted upwards, causing water to spray as the train passed near the water body. A number of Bolliger & amp; Mabillard coaster features elements, such as Griffon at Busch Gardens Williamsburg, SheiKra at Busch Gardens Tampa, and Diamondback on Kings Island. Depending on the width of the train and the spoon angle, the effect can produce different results, such as two different streams (Griffon) or one large blob (Diamondback).
Water spatter
A water spout is a visual element that includes a number of different methods to simulate the interaction of a roller coaster with a body of water-ride vehicle not making contact with water. Water spouts are meant to be visually appealing. Below are some examples of roller coasters that take advantage of this effect.
- Atlantis Adventure at Lotte World features a variety of water effects including synchronized water spouts in more than one travel area.
- The Incredible Hulk at Universal's Islands of Adventure has a live water spout after a zero-G roll as the train slides toward the water below.
- The Manta at SeaWorld Orlando utilizes both water spouts and a synchronized fountain at the point of the dips cart toward the water, giving it the illusion of darkening the water surface.
- The Maverick at Cedar Point shows some water spouts that glow up as the train rotates round.
- The Dominion King:
- Anaconda sometimes uses a water spout when the train enters and then leaves the underwater tunnel.
- Backlot Stunt Coaster uses a series of water spouts as the train goes underground tunnels and runs under queues and bridges out.
Tunnels
Tunnels are elements that are sometimes found on roller coasters and may include special effects, such as lighting, fog, and sound. The Iron Rattler at Six Flags Fiesta Texas, for example, has a dark tunnel above the ground.
See also
- Roller coaster physics
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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