Caffeine is a common central nervous system stimulant that occurs in nature as part of coffee, tea, yerba mate and other plants. This is also an addition in many consumer products, especially beverages that are advertised as energy drinks. Caffeine is also added to soda such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi, where, on the ingredients list, it is designated as flavoring agent, since pure caffeine powder has a bitter taste.
The mechanism of action of caffeine differs somewhat from cocaine and substituted amphetamines; caffeine blocks adenosine A and A2A receptors. Adenosine is a by-product of cellular activity, and stimulation of adenosine receptors produces tiredness and the need to sleep. The ability of caffeine to block these receptors means the body's natural stimulant levels, dopamine and norepinephrine, continues at a higher rate.
Video Caffeine dependence
Dependency
Mild physical dependence may result from excessive caffeine intake. Caffeine addiction, or any form of pathological and compulsive use, has not been documented in humans.
Research has shown that people who consume at least 100 mg of caffeine per day (about the amount in one cup of coffee) can gain physical dependence that will trigger withdrawal symptoms that include headaches, muscle aches and stiffness, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, depression, and irritability marked. Professor Roland Griffiths, a professor of neurology at Johns Hopkins in Baltimore strongly believes that caffeine cessation should be classified as a psychological disorder. His research shows that withdrawals begin within 12-24 hours after stopping caffeine intake and can last for nine days. Further exposure to caffeine will cause the body to create more adenosine receptors in the central nervous system that make it more sensitive to the effects of adenosine in two ways. First, it will reduce the effects of caffeine stimulation by increasing tolerance. Secondly, it will increase the caffeine withdrawal symptoms because the body will be more sensitive to the effects of adenosine after caffeine intake stops. Caffeine tolerance develops very quickly. Tolerance to the effects of caffeine sleep disturbances was seen after ingestion of 400 mg of caffeine 3 times daily for 7 days, while complete tolerance was observed after 300 mg consumption was taken 3 times daily for 18 days.
Maps Caffeine dependence
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments