The sword is a bladed weapon meant for cutting or piercing that is longer than a knife or a dagger. The exact definition of the term varies with the historical or geographic area under consideration. The sword consists of long blades attached to the handle. The blade can be straight or curved. The thrusting sword has a pointed tip on the blade, and tends to be more straight; sword cutting has sharp sharpness on one or both sides of the blade, and is more likely to curve. Many swords are designed for thrust and cutting.
Historically, the sword developed in the Bronze Age, evolving from the dagger; the earliest specimens dated around 1600 BC. The Iron Age sword then remained fairly short and without a crossguard. Spatha, as developed in the End Roman army, became the predecessor of the medieval European sword, which was first adopted as a sword of the Migration Period, and only in the High Middle Ages, developed into a classical sword with a crossguard. The word sword continues in Old English, sweord .
The use of a sword is known as a sword or, in a modern context, as a fence. In the Early Modern period, the design of the western sword deviates into two forms, a thrusting sword and a sword.
The sword thrusts like a rapier and finally the little sword is designed to pierce their target quickly and cause deep stab wounds. Its long and straight but lightweight and balanced design makes it very easy to maneuver and shut down in a duel but quite ineffective when used in cutting or cutting motions. Lunge and well-directed thrusts can end the fight in seconds with only the sword point, leading to the development of a fighting style that is very similar to a modern fence.
Sabers (saber) and similar knives such as short swords are built heavier and more often used in warfare. Built to slash and chop at some enemies, often from horses, long curved swords and a heavy balance forward giving it its own deadly character on the battlefield. Most sabers also have sharp spots and double-edged knives, enabling them to stab soldiers after soldiers in cavalry attacks. Saber continued to see the use of the battlefield until the early 20th century. The US Navy kept tens of thousands of powerful glasses in their armory until World War II and much of it was spent on Marines in the Pacific as a forest parang.
Non-European weapons called "swords" include one-eyed weapons such as Middle Eastern swords, Chinese Tao and related Japanese katanas. The Chinese jian is an example of a non-European double-edged sword, like a European model derived from a two-edged Iron Age sword.
Video Sword
History
Historical prehistory and ancient
The first weapon that can be described as a "sword" today is about 3300 BC. They have been found in Arslantepe, Turkey, made of arsenic bronze, and are about 60 cm (24 inches) in length. Some of them are decorated with silver.
Bronze Age
The sword is developed from a knife or a dagger. A knife is not like a dagger because the blade has only one cutting surface, while the dagger has two cutting surfaces. When the construction of a longer blade becomes possible, from the end of the 3rd millennium BC in the Middle East, first in copper arsenic, then in bronze tin.
Blades longer than 60 cm (24 inches) are rare and impractical until the late Bronze Age because the Younger modulus of bronze is relatively low, and hence the longer blades will bend easily. The development of the sword out of the dagger is gradual; the first weapon that can be classified as a sword without any ambiguity found in Minoan Crete, dated around 1700 BC, reaches a total length of more than 100 cm. This is the "A type" sword of the Aegean Bronze Age.
One of the most important, and most enduring, types of swords of the European Bronze Age is the Naue II type (named for Julius Naue who first describes them), also known as the Griffzungenschwert (lit. "Sword tongue handle"). This type first appeared in c. 13th century BC in Northern Italy (or general Urnfield background), and survives well into the Iron Age, with a life span of about seven centuries. During his lifetime, metallurgy changed from bronze to iron, but not its basic design.
The sword of Naue II was exported from Europe to Aegea, and as far as the Ugarit, beginning around 1200 BC, ie only a few decades before the final collapse of the palace culture in the Virgin Age collapsed. The sword of Naue II can be as long as 85 cm, but most specimens fall into the 60 to 70 cm range. Robert Drews connects the Type II Naue Sword, which spread from Southern Europe to the Mediterranean, with the Bronze Age collapsing. Sword Naue II, along with a Nordic full-hoid sword, is made with functionality and aesthetics. This sword handle is beautifully made and often contains fake rivets to make the sword more visually appealing. Swords from northern Denmark and northern Germany typically contain three or more false rivets on the handle.
Sword production in China is evidenced from the Bronze Age of the Shang Dynasty. The technology for the bronze sword reached its peak during the Warring States and Qin Dynasties. Among war wars, some unique technologies are used, such as high lead casting on softer and lower lead cores, or the application of diamond-shaped patterns on the blades (see Goujian sword). Also unique to Chinese bronze is the consistent use of high bronze tin (17-21% tin) which is very hard and breaks if pressed too far, whereas other cultures prefer low tin bronzes (usually 10%), which bend if pressed too far. Although iron swords were made side by side with bronze, it was not until the early Han period that iron completely replaced bronze.
In South Asia, the earliest bronze copper bronze swords were found on the sites of Harappan, in present-day Pakistan, and dating from 2300 BC. The sword has been found in archaeological findings throughout the Ganges-Jamuna Doab region of India, which consists of bronze but more commonly is copper. Various specimens have been found in Fatehgarh, where there are several types of handles. These swords have been various dates for the times between 1700-1400 BC, but may have been used more in the opening centuries of the first millennium BC.
Iron Age
Iron became increasingly common from the 13th century BC. Before that sword use was less frequent. The iron is not dried very hard even though it often contains enough carbon, but work-hardening is like a bronze with a hammer. This makes them comparable or only slightly better in terms of strength and bronze sword violence. They can still bend over the use rather than return to their original shape. But easier production, and better availability of raw materials for the first time allow the equipment of all troops with metal weapons, although the Egyptian Bronze Armies are sometimes equipped with bronze weapons.
Ancient swords are often found at burial sites. The sword is often placed on the right side of the body. However, there are exceptions to this. Many times the sword was kept on top of the corpse. In many of the Latter-day tombs, the sword and sheath are bent 180 degrees. It's known as killing the sword. Thus they may regard the sword as the most powerful and powerful object.
Ancient Greco-Roman
In the days of the Ancient Classical and Parthian and Sassanid Empires in Iran, iron swords were common. The Greek xiphos and Roman gladius are typical examples of types, measuring about 60 to 70 cm (24 to 28 inches). The final Roman Empire introduced a longer spatha (the term for wielder, spatharius, the rank of trial in Constantinople), and from now on, the term longsword is applied to relatively long swords for their respective periods..
The swords of the Parthian Empire and Sassania are long enough, sword blades on some slow Sassanian swords are under one meter in length.
The sword is also used to manage various corporal punishments, such as non-surgical amputation or death sentence by beheading. The use of swords, honorable weapons, is considered in Europe since Roman times as a privilege reserved for the nobility and the upper classes.
Periplus of the Erythraean Sea mentions Indian iron and steel swords are exported from India to Greece. The Sri Lankan and Indian blades made of Damascus steel also found their way to Persia.
Ancient Persian
In the first millennium BC Persian forces used a sword originally from a Scythian design called akinaka (acinaces). However, the great conquest of the Persians made the sword more famous as a Persian weapon, to the extent that the true nature of the weapon had disappeared somewhat as the name Akinaka had been used to refer to the sword form that the Persian army favored at the time.
It is widely believed that the original akinaka is a 14 to 18-inch double-edged sword. The design is not uniform and in fact identification is made more on the nature of the sheath than the weapon itself; The sheath usually has a large decorative holder that allows it to hang from the belt on the right side of the wearer. Because of this, it is assumed that the sword was meant to be pulled with a downward-headed blade ready for a shocking stabbing attack.
In the 12th century, the Saljuq dynasty had introduced curved shamshir into Persia, and it was used extensively in the early 16th century.
Ancient Chinese
The Chinese steel sword first appeared in the later part of the Western Zhou Dynasty, but was not widely used until the 3rd century BC. Han Dynasty. The Chinese Dao (? Pinyin d? O) single-edged, sometimes translated as a saber or broadsword, and Jian (? Or? Pinyin jiÃÆ'n) double-edged. The zhanmadao (literally "cut the horse's sword"), a very long, anti-cavalry sword from the era of the Song dynasty.
Early post-classical history
Europe
During the medieval sword technology it increased, and the sword became a very sophisticated weapon. It is often used by people in combat, especially during attacks. This type of spatha remained popular during the period of Migration and entered the Middle Ages. The age Spathas Vendel is adorned with German artwork (unlike a German-built German after-coin). The Viking Age sees yet another more standardized production, but its basic design remains in debt on spatha.
Around the 10th century, the use of hardened and hardened steel began to become more common than in previous periods. The 'Ulfberht' blade from Frank (the name of the maker painted with a knife) has a consistently high quality. Charles the Bald tried to ban the export of these swords, because they were used by the Vikings to attack the Franks.
Wootz Steel, also known as Damascus steel, is a unique and precious steel developed in the Indian subcontinent as early as the 5th century BC. Its unique properties due to the special fusion and reworking of steel create a network of iron carbides depicted as cementite globular in the pearlite matrix. The use of Damascene steel in swords became very popular in the 16th and 17th centuries.
Only from the 11th century that sword Norman began to develop crossguards (quillons). During the 12th to 13th century Crusade, this type of cross sword basically remained stable, with variations primarily related to the shape of the handle. These swords are designed as cutting weapons, although effective points become common to counter the increase in armor, especially the 14th century change from armor to plate.
It was during the 14th century, with the increasing use of more advanced armor, that the hand and half the sword, also known as the "rogue sword", came into being. It has a wide grip which means it can be used with one or two hands. Although these swords do not grasp the grip of two hands, they allow their users to hold a shield or deflect a knife in their hand, or use it as a two-handed sword for a stronger blow.
In the Middle Ages, the sword was often used as a symbol of the word of God. The names given to many swords in mythology, literature, and history reflect the high prestige of the weapons and wealth of their owners.
West Asia
The earliest evidence of a curved sword, or scimitar (and other regional variants as Arabian saif, Persian shamshir and Turkish kilij) dates from the 9th century, when used among soldiers in the Khurasan region of Persia.
East Asia
As steel technology advances, one-eyed weapons are gaining in popularity throughout Asia. Derived from China Jian or dao, hwandudaedo Korea is known from three early medieval Kingdoms. Japanese tachi production, the predecessor to the katana, is recorded from ca. 900 AD (see Japanese sword).
Japan is famous for its swords that were forged in the early 13th century for a class of warrior-nobles known as the Samurai. The type of sword used by the Samurai includes dachi (extra long field sword), tachi (long cavalry sword), katana (long sword), and wakizashi (shorter companion sword for katana). Japanese swords before the date of the emergence of the samurai caste include tsurugi (straight-edged knife) and chokut? (straight-eyed blades). The making of Japanese swords reached its peak in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, as samurai increasingly found the need for swords to be used at closer distances, leading to the creation of modern katanas.
Western historians say that the Japanese katana is one of the best cutting weapons in world military history.
South Asia
The Khanda is a two-sided straight sword. It is often featured in religious iconography, theater and art depicting the ancient history of India. Some communities glorify their weapons as a symbol of Shiva. This is a common weapon in martial arts in the Indian subcontinent. Khanda often appears in the texts and art of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism. In Sri Lanka, a unique wind furnace is used to produce high quality steel. It gives a very hard knife blade and a beautiful pattern. For this reason, this is becoming a very popular trading material.
The Urumi: (Tamil: ????????????????? surul pattai, lit. curling blade; Sinhalese: ??????? ethunu kaduwa; Hindi: aara) is a longsword with flexible flap knife from India. Originating in the southern state of the country, it is thought to have existed as far back as the Maurya dynasty (322-185 BC). Uumi is considered one of the most difficult weapons to master because of the risk of self-injury. It is treated as a steel whip, and therefore requires prior knowledge of the weapon.
The Firangi: (span) derived from the Arabic term for Western Europe "Frank") is a type of sword that uses knives made in Western Europe and imported by the Portuguese, or made locally as an imitation of a European blade. Because the length of the firangi is usually regarded as a cavalry weapon. The sword is primarily associated with Maratha, which is famous for their cavalry. However, firangi is also widely used by Sikh and Rajput.
The Talwar: (Hindi: ?????) is a curved sword type from India and other countries in the Indian subcontinent, it was adopted by communities such as Rajput, Sikh and Marathas, who liked swords as their main weapon. It became more widespread in the medieval era.
Southeast Asia
In Indonesia, Indian-style sword drawings can be found in the statue of Hindu deities from ancient Java around the 8th to 10th centuries. However, the original type of knife known as keris, machetes, klewang and golok is more popular as a weapon. This dagger is shorter than a sword but longer than a regular dagger.
In the Philippines, a traditional large sword known as Kampilan and Panabas is used in combat by indigenous people. A well-known user of skill is Lapu-Lapu, the king of Mactan and his fighters who defeated the Spaniards and murdered Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan at the Battle of Mactan on April 27, 1521. Traditional swords in the Philippines were immediately banned , but training in swordsmanship was then hidden from the Spanish occupiers by practice in dance. But because of the ban, Filipinos were forced to use swords disguised as agricultural tools. Bolos and balisword were used during the revolt against the colonialists not only because of the ammunition for rare weapons, but also for concealment while walking in crowded streets and houses. Bolos are also used by young boys who join their parents in revolution and by young girls and their mothers in defending the city while people are on the battlefield. During the Philippine-American War in events such as the Balangiga Massacre, most American companies were hacked to death or seriously wounded by the powerful bolo fighters in Balangiga, Samar. When the Japanese took over the country, several American special operations groups stationed in the Philippines were introduced to the Filipino Martial Arts and swordsmanship, leading to this style of reaching America despite the fact that the natives were reluctant to let outsiders above the secrets of their battle.
Late post-classic history
From about 1300 to 1500, in concert with improved armor, innovative sword designs evolve more and more quickly. The main transition is the elongation of the grip, allowing the use of two hands, and a longer knife. In 1400, this type of sword, at that time called langes Schwert (longsword) or spadone , was common, and a number of the 15th and 16th centuries
The estoc became popular because of its ability to push into the gap between the armor plates. The grips are sometimes wrapped in wire or rough animal skin to provide a better grip and make it more difficult to knock the sword out of the user's hand.
A number of texts covering the longsword battles and techniques dating from the 13th-16th century are in German, Italian and English, which provide extensive information on the longsword combatives used during this period. Many of these are now available online.
In the 16th century, large zweihÃÆ'¤nder was used by German and Swiss elite mercenaries known as doppelsÃÆ'¶ldners. ZweihÃÆ'¤nder, literally translated, means two people. The zweihÃÆ'¤nder has a long blade, as well as a large guard for protection. It is estimated that some of the zweihÃÆ'¤nder swords are over 6 feet (1.8 m) long, with those thought to have come from Frisian Pier soldier Gerlofs Donia being 7 feet (2.13 m) in length. The length of the giant blade was perfectly designed to manipulate and push the enemies of the poles, which are the main weapons of today, in Germany and Eastern Europe. DoppelsÃÆ'¶ldners also uses katzbalgers, which means 'paint-gutters'. The S katzbalger shield and 2ft (0.61 m) knife make it perfect to carry when the battle gets too close to use zweihÃÆ'¤nder.
The use of the sword by civilians became increasingly common in the late Renaissance, with duel being the preferred way to resolve disputes with respect.
The side sword is a kind of war sword used by infantry during the European Renaissance. This sword is a direct descendant of the arming sword. Quite popular between the 16th and 17th centuries, they were ideal for handling a mixture of armed and uncoated opponents at that time. The new technique puts a person's finger on the ricasso to increase the grip (practice that will continue in the rapier) causing the production of the handle with the guard for the finger. The design of this sword eventually led to the development of a civilian rapier, but it was not replaced by it, and a side sword continued to be used during the lifetime of the Rapier. Because it can be used for cutting and thrusting, the term cut and sword is sometimes used interchangeably with the side sword. Also to note is that when Rapier becomes more popular, attempts are made to hybridize blades, sacrificing the effectiveness found in each unique weapon design. This is still regarded as a side sword and is sometimes labeled a rapier sword or cut rapier by modern collectors.
Also of note, the side-swords used along with the buckler became so popular that it caused the term swashbuckler to be created. This word comes from the new fighting style of the sword-side and the buckler is filled with a lot of "swashing and making sounds on the buckler".
In the Ottoman Empire, the use of a curved sword called the Yatagan began in the mid-16th century. It will be the weapon of choice for many people in Turkey and the Balkans.
The sword in this period of time is the most personal, the most prestigious, and the most versatile weapon for close combat, but the decline in military use because of technology, such as arrows and firearms are changing wars. However, he maintains a key role in civil defense.
Early modern history
Military sword
The type of single gun used by Hussites was popularized in Germany in the 16th century under the name Cekonya Dusack , also known as SÃÆ'¤bel auf Teutsch gefasst ("saber matches German way "). The closely related weapon is the schnepf or the Swiss sword used in Early Modern Switzerland.
The cut-and-push mortar blade was used after 1625 by the cavalry during the British Civil War. This (usually) double-edged sword uses a half-ball handle with straight eyes 90-105 cm long. Later in the 17th century, the sword used by the cavalry became the dominant one-eyed. The so-called Walloon Sword ( ÃÆ' Â © pÃÆ' Â © e wallone ) is common in the era of War and Baroque Thirty Years. The ambidextrous stands with shell-guards and bows that inspire the hunting hook of the 18th century continent. After their campaign in the Netherlands in 1672, the French began producing this weapon as their first sword arrangement. This design weapon was also issued to the Swedish army from the time of Gustavus Adolphus until the late 1850s.
Duel Sword
The rapier is believed to have evolved either from Spain es on ropera or from an Italian noble sword somewhere in the later part of the 16th century. Rapier is different from most previous swords because it is not a military weapon but a civilian sword. Both rapier and Italian schiavona develop the crossguard into a basket-shaped guard for hand protection. During the 17th and 18th centuries, shorter Shortswords became an important fashion accessory in European countries and the New World, although in some places such as the Scottish Highland swords as swords wide swinging baskets were preferred, and the richest men and officers the military brought one draped from his belt. Both the small sword and the rapier remained a popular dueling sword until the 18th century.
While wearing a sword falling out of fashion, a stick takes place in a man's wardrobe. It was developed for men in the Victorian era to use an umbrella. Some examples of sticks - known as sword sticks or swordsticks - incorporate a hidden blade. The French martial arts la canne were developed to fight with stick and swordsticks and have now evolved into sports. British martial art Singlestick is very similar. With the advent of a duel pistol, the dueling sword fell out of fashion long before the dueling exercise itself. Around the year 1770, British duelis enthusiastically adopted a gun, and the duel of the sword was reduced. However, the habit of dueling with the epo continues to survive until the 20th century in France. Such modern duel is not fought to death, the duellists' goal is simply to draw blood from the opponent's sword arm.
Late modern history
military pistol
Toward the end of its useful life, the sword functioned more as a self-defense weapon than used on the battlefield, and the military's importance from the sword continued to decline during the Modern Age. Even as a personal pistol, the sword began to lose its lead in the early nineteenth century, reflecting the development of a reliable hand-held weapon.
However, swords are still used in combat, especially in the Colonial War between indigenous and Imperial Kingdoms. For example, during the Aceh War, Klewangs Aceh, a sword similar to a machete, proved very effective in close combat with Dutch troops, leading the Royal Netherlands Indies Army to adopt a heavy cutlass, also called klewang (very similar in appearance). to US Navy Model 1917 Cutlass) to deal with it. Armed forces armed with carbines and klewang succeeded in suppressing the Aceh resistance where traditional infantry with rifles and bayonets had failed. From that time until the 1950s, the Dutch East Indies Royal Dutch Army, Royal Dutch Army, Royal Dutch Navy, and Dutch police used glasses called Klewang.
The sword continued to be used in peacetime in general by most army cavalry during the years preceding World War I. For example, the British Army officially adopted a completely new sword cavalry design in 1908, almost the last change in British Army weapons before outbreak of war. war. At the outbreak of World War I infantry officers in all soldiers fighters still carry swords as part of their field equipment. In the mobilization of August 1914, all British Army officers were required to hone their swords as the only peaceful weapon used to salute the parade. High visibility and limited practical use of the sword but caused it to be abandoned in a few weeks, although most cavalry continued to carry swords throughout the War. It was not until the late 1920s and early 1930s that this historic weapon was eventually disposed of for all but a ceremonial destination by most of the remaining horses in Europe and America.
In China, troops used long anti-cavalry Miao dao well into the Second China-Japan War. The last unit of a heavily British riding force switched to using armored vehicles at the end of 1938. Certain swords and melee weapons were used occasionally by many countries during World War II, but usually as secondary weapons because they were lost by shared firearms.
Ceremonial use
The sword is usually worn as a ceremonial item by officers in many military and naval services around the world. Opportunities for wearing a sword include any event in the shirted uniform where the rank-and-file weapons: parades, reviews, military tribunals, tattoos, and alterations of command. They are also commonly worn for wedding officers, and when wearing clothes uniforms to church - though they are rarely actually worn in the church itself.
In British troops they are also used for any appearance in the Court. In the United States, any Navy officer at or above the rank of Lieutenant Commander shall have a sword, which may be prescribed for any official ceremonial event outdoors; they are usually used for command and parade changes. For some Navy parades, sunglasses were given to Petty Officers and Petty Head Officers.
In the US Marine Corps every officer must have a sword, which is prescribed for formal marches and other ceremonies where clothing uniforms are worn and the rank-and-file is under the arm. On this occasion depending on their billet, Marine Non-Commissioned Officers (E-6 and above) may also be required to carry a sword, which has a patterned handle similar to the sword of a US Navy officer but is actually a sword. USMC Model 1859 NCO Sword is the longest weapon that is published continuously in US inventory
The sword of Marine officers is a Mameluke pattern adopted in 1825 in recognition of the key role of the Marines in capturing Tripolis Derna during the First Barbarian War. Taken out of trouble for about 20 years from 1855 to 1875, it was restored to serve in the centennial Corps and remains a problem since.
Sword replica
The replica production of historical swords comes from 19th century historicalism. Contemporary replicas can range from those produced by cheap factories to the reproduction of individual artifacts, including estimates of historical production methods.
Some types of swords are still commonly used today as weapons, often as a side arm for military infantry. Japanese katana, wakizashi and tanto are brought by some infantry and officers in Japan and other parts of Asia and kukri are the official melee weapons for Nepal. Other swords used today are swords, swords, short swords and machetes.
- In the case of rat tail pliers, the maker welds a thin rod to the tip of the blade on a crossguard; this stick passes through the grip.
- In traditional construction, the Swordsman sharpens the prick at the end of the handle, or sometimes welds the furniture to the pliers and puts the ends to poke the pommel. This style is often referred to as the "narrow" or "hidden" tang. Modern replicas, less traditional, often feature a threaded handle or a pommel nut that holds the handle together and allows disassembly.
- In "full" pliers (most commonly used in knives and machetes), pliers have nearly the same width as a knife, and are generally of the same shape as the handle. In a European or Asian sword sold today, many advertised "complete" tits may actually involve malleable tail pliers.
Maps Sword
Morphology
It consists of a knife and a handle. The term sarong applies to sword blades when not in use.
Blade
There are many variations in the detailed design of the sword blade. The reverse diagram shows the typical European sword of the Middle Ages.
The early iron bar had a rounded point due to limited metallurgy at that time. It is still effective to encourage lightly armed opponents. As the armor forward, the knife is made more narrow, stiff and pointedly pointed to defeat the armor by thrusting.
The cutting knife is dedicated wide and thin, and often has a groove known as a fuller that lightens the blade at the expense of some of the stiffness of the knife. The tip of the cutting sword is almost parallel. The thrust-oriented bars have thicker blades, sometimes with different bumps to increase stiffness, with strong tapers and acute points. The geometry of the cutter blades allows the sword to sharp corners. It should be noted, however, that edges with acuter corners are more likely to degrade rapidly in battle situations rather than edges with more dull angles. Also, sharp corners are not a major factor in the sharpness of the blades.
The part of the blade between the percussion center (CoP) and the point is called foible (weak) of the blade, and that between the center of balance (CoB) and the handle is forte
The ricasso or shoulder identifies the short blade part just below the guard that is left completely crushed. Many swords do not have ricasso. On some big guns, such as the German ZweihÃÆ'¤nder, the metal cover surrounds the ricasso, and a swordsman may hold it with one hand to use the weapon more easily in close combat. The ricasso usually bear the sign of its maker.
Tang is the extension of the knife to which the nipple is mounted.
In the Japanese sword, the maker's sign appears in the pliers under the grip.
Hilt
The handle is a collective term for the parts that allow handling and control of the blade; it consists of a simple or complicated grip, handle, and guard, which in the Post-Viking sword can only consist of a cross-keeper (called a cross handle or quillons). The pommel was originally designed as a stop to prevent the sword from slipping off the hand. From about the 11th century onwards became a counterweight to the sword, allowing a more fluid fighting style. It can also be used as a blunt instrument at close range, and its weight affects the percussion center. At other times, the knot knot or fringe is sometimes added. In the 17th century, with the increasing use of firearms and the accompanying decrease in armor use, many rapier and dueling swords have developed elaborate hitch baskets, which protect the user's palm and make the gauntlet obsolete.
In the late medieval and Renaissance era of the European sword, a leather fold called a chappe or rainwater guard attached to the sword crossguard at the base of the handle to protect the scabbard's mouth and prevent water from entering.
Sword sword and suspension sword
General accessories for swords include sheaths, as well as a sword belt .
- Scabbard : Sarong, also known as sheath , is a protective cover that is often reserved for the blades. During the millennium, sarongs are made of many materials, including leather, wood, and metals such as brass or steel. The installation of a metal where a knife enters the skin or a metal sheath is called a throat , which is often part of a larger mounted , or pendant rings or earrings to make it easier to wear a sword. The blade angle on the leather sheath is usually protected by a metal tip , or chape, which on leather and metal sheath is often given further protection from wear and tear by an extension called drag , or shoes . The Sword Belt : The sword belt is a belt with a scabbard cover, used to carry it when not in use. It is usually fixed on a sword sheath, providing a quick way to draw a sword in battle. Examples of swords belts include Balteus used by Roman legions.
Typology
Sword typology is based on morphological criteria on the one hand (blade shape (cross section, pointed, and long), shape and size of hilt and hitting) and age and place of origin on the other (Bronze Age, Iron Age, European (Medieval, early modern , modern), Asian).
The relatively comprehensive Oakeshott typology was invented by the historian and illustrator Ewart Oakeshott as a way of defining and cataloging European swords from medieval periods based on physical form, including the shape of the blades and the hilt configuration. Typology also focuses on the smaller, and in some contemporary cases, one-handed swords like armed swords.
Single and double-edged
As mentioned above, the term longsword, broad swords, large swords, and Gaelic clay are used relative to the era under consideration, and each term establishes certain types of swords.
Jian
In most Asian countries, the sword (jian ?, geom (?), Ken/tsurugi (?), Sword) is a double-edged, double-edged weapon, while a knife or saber (d? O ?, do (?), For/katana ( ?), knives, machetes) refers to a one-eyed object.
Kirpan
In Sikh history, swords are held at very high prices. One-eyed sword is called kirpan, and his two-eyed companions are khanda or tega.
Churika
South Indian churika is a double-edged sword that is traditionally used in the Malabar region of Kerala. He is also adored as a weapon of Vettakkorumakan, a god of hunting in Hinduism.
Backsword and falchion
European terminology does give generic names for single-edged blades and double-edged but refers to certain types with the term 'sword' that covers them all. For example, the backsword can be so called because it is one-eyed but the one-eyed falchion is given its own specific name.
The use of single vs two-handed
Two hands
A two-handed sword can be used to refer to a sword that usually requires two hands to use. However, in the proper sense it should be used only to refer to a very large sword in the 16th century.
Throughout history, two-handed swords are generally less common than their one-handed counterparts, one exception being commonly used in Japan.
Hands and half swords
Hands and half swords, colloquially known as "bastard swords", are swords with long handles and sometimes hitting so they can be used with one or two hands. Although these swords may not provide a two-handed grip, they allow their holders to hold a shield or dodge a dagger in their hands, or use it as a two-handed sword for a stronger blow. It should not be confused with a longsword, a two-handed sword, or ZweihÃÆ'¤nder, which is always meant to be used with two hands.
Fictional type
In fantasy, magic swords often appear, based on their use in myth and legend. The science fiction counterpart to this is known as the energy sword (sometimes also referred to as "sword beam" or "laser sword"), a blade whose sword consists of, or coupled by, concentrated energy. A famous example of this type of sword is the lightsaber, especially featured in the Star Wars franchise.
See also
References
- Foot Records
- Quote
- References
External links
Media related to Swords in Wikimedia Commons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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