An Olympic medal is awarded to successful competitors in one of the Olympic Games. There are three medal classes: gold, given to winners; silver, given to the 2nd champion; and bronze, given to the second champion. The award is set in detail in the Olympics protocol.
The medal designs vary greatly since the first Olympics of 1896, especially in size and weight. A front (front) design of the medal for the Summer Olympics began in 1928 and remained for many years, until his successor at the 2004 Olympics as a result of controversy surrounding the use of the Roman Colosseum rather than the buildings representing the Olympics. 'The Greek roots. The Winter Olympic Medal never has a general design, but regularly features snowflakes and events where medals have been won.
In addition to generally supporting their Olympic athletes, some countries give some money and prizes to the medal winners, depending on the class and the number of medals won.
Total medals won are used to rank competitor countries in the medals table, these can be compiled for specific disciplines, for a particular game, or over time. This total is always the total placement of the event rather than the actual medal - a win in a team event (like a relay race) is equivalent to one gold for the rank even though each team member will receive a physical medal.
Video Olympic medal
Introduction and initial history
Olive bouquets are prizes for the winners in the Ancient Olympics. It is an olive branch, from olive wild trees that grow in Olympia, intertwined to form circles or horse shoes. According to Pausanias it was introduced by Heracles as a prize for the winner of the race to honor Zeus.
When the modern Olympics began in 1896, medals began to be given to successful olympian competitors. However, the gold medal was not awarded at the inaugural Olympic Games in 1896 in Athens, Greece. The winners were even given silver medals and olive branches, while runners-up received laurel branches and copper or bronze medals. In 1900, most of the winners received trophies or trophies, not medals.
The sequence of gold, silver, and bronze for the first three places came from the 1904 Summer Olympics at St. Louis, Missouri in the United States. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is retroactively awarding gold, silver and bronze medals to three best-placed athletes in every match of 1896 and 1900. If there is a tie for one of the top three spots, all competitors are entitled to receive the appropriate medal according to IOC rules. Some combat sports (such as boxing, judo, taekwondo and wrestling) give two bronze medals per competition, resulting in, overall, more bronze medals than any other color.
Medals are not the only rewards given to competitors; every athlete placed first to eighth received an Olympic diploma. Also, in the main host stadium, the names of all the medal winners are written to the wall. Finally, as noted below, all athletes receive a medal and a diploma of participation.
Maps Olympic medal
Production and design
The IOC determines the physical nature of the medal and has a final decision on the finished design. The specifications for medals were developed in conjunction with the Olympic National Olympic Committee (NOC), although the IOC has brought with them several rules:
- Recipients: The top three competitors received the medal
- Shapes: Usually circular, showing attachments for chains or ribbons
- Diameter: Minimum 60 mm
- Thickness: Minimum 3 mm
- Material:
- First place (Gold medal): It consists of silver of at least.925 class, coated with 6 grams of gold.
- Second place (Silver medal):.925 silver.
- Third place (Bronze Medal): This is 97.0% copper with 0.5% lead and 2.5% zinc; the value of the metal is about US $ 3 in 2010.
- Event details: Sports getting medals must be written in the medal
The first Olympic medal in 1896 was designed by the French sculptor Jules-ClÃÆ' Â © ment Chaplain and described Zeus holding Nike, the Greek goddess of victory, on the front and the Acropolis at the rear. They were made by Paris Mint, who also made a medal for the 1900 Olympics, organized by Paris. It started the tradition of giving the responsibility of scoring medals to the host city. For some of the next Olympics the host city also chose a medal design. Until 1912 the gold medal was made of pure gold.
Trionfo
In 1923 the International Olympic Committee (IOC) launched a competition for sculptors to design medals for the Summer Olympics. The design of Giuseppe Cassioli Trionfo was chosen as the winner in 1928. The front brought back Nike but this time as the main focus, holding the winning crown and the palm of the hand with the Colosseum depiction in the background. At the top right of the medal, there is room left for the Olympic and Olympic host names. The reverse features a crowd that brings the victory athlete. The winning design was first presented at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. The competition saw this design used for 40 years until the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich became the first Olympics with different designs for the back side of the medal.
The Cassioli design continues to inspire the front of the medal for years, although it is recreated every time, with the Olympic hosts and numbers updated. The front remains in line with the Trionfo design until the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, ​​Spain, where the IOC allows updated versions to be made. For some subsequent events they mandated the use of Nike's motives but let other aspects change. This trend ended in 2004 because of negative publicity in reaction to the medal design for the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. Wojciech Pietranik, the medalist, along with Olympic organizers, was criticized by the Greek press for using the Roman Colosseum rather than the Greek Parthenon. The original design of Pietranik had featured the Sydney Opera House on the front but the IOC concluded that it had to be replaced by the Colosseum and a horse-drawn carriage rider. He made the changes and, despite criticism, the Sydney Olympic Organizing Committee decided to continue with such a design, noting that there was not enough time to finish another version and it would be too expensive. The mistake lasted for 76 years until a new style depicting Panathinaiko Stadium was introduced at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. The new front design will be used in the 2008, 2012 and 2016 Olympics.
Custom reverse design
The German Olympic Committee, Nationales Olympisches Komitee fÃÆ'¼r Deutschland, is the first Summer Olympic organizer to choose to change the opposite of medals. The 1972 design was created by Gerhard Marcks, an artist from the Bauhaus, and featured the mythological twins Castor and Pollux. Since then the Organizing Committee of the host city has been granted the freedom to design the reverse, with the IOC giving final approval.
Individual design details
Summer Olympic medal design
Details about the medals of each Summer Olympics:
Design of the Winter Olympics medal
Details about the medals from each of the Winter Olympics:
Medal participation
Since the start of the modern Olympics, the athletes and their support staff, event officials, and certain volunteers involved in game planning and management have received warning and diploma medals. Like a winner's medal, this is changed for every Olympiad, with different ones issued for summer and winter matches.
Gallery
Presentations
The presentation of medals and awards changed significantly until the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles brought what is now standard. Before 1932 all medals were awarded at the closing ceremony, with athletes wearing evening dresses for some of the first Games. The dignified original is stationary while the athletes volunteered to receive their medals. The victory podium was introduced on the personal instructions of 1931 from Henri de Baillet-Latour, who had seen one used in the 1930 British Royal Match. The winner was in the middle at higher altitudes, with silver medalist on the right and a bronze on the left. At the 1932 Winter Olympics, a medal was awarded in a closing ceremony, with athletes for each event in turn putting up the podium for the first time. At the Summer Olympics, competitors at the Coliseum receive their medals immediately after each event for the first time; competitors elsewhere came to the Coliseum the next day to receive their medals. Then the Games have a victory podium in every competition place.
1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy was the first in which medals were placed around the neck of the athletes. Medals hang from laurel leaf chains, while they are now hung from colored ribbons. When Athens hosted the 2004 Summer Olympics, competitors on the podium also received the crown of olive bouquets. In the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, every medalist receives a wooden statue from the Olympic logo.
See also
- Summer Olympic Coins
- Winter Olympic Coins
- List of Olympic medalists
- James Brendan Connolly, first winner of the winner
- medal Pierre de Coubertin, special medal given by the International Olympic Committee for sportsmanship or outstanding service for the Olympic movement
References
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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